Yarn

 What is Yarn?

A product of substantial length & relatively small cross-section consisting of  fibers and/ or

 filaments with or without twist.

•         Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles, Sewing, Knitting, Weaving & rope making. Yarn can be made from any number of synthetic or natural fibers.

 

•        Yarn may be defined as arrangement of fibers uniformly to a continuous mass of fiber bound together by twist.

 

•         A generic term for a continuous strand spun from a group of natural or synthetic staple fibers, or filaments, used in weaving, knitting to from textile fabrics

Types of Yarn

Yarn can be classified  according to 

(1) Length of fiber e.g 

                         (a) Spun yarn(Short staple and Long staple)

                         (b) Filament yarn(Monofilament, Multi filament) 

 

(2) No of strand e.g 

                       (a) Single yarn

                       (b) Ply or Double yarn

                       (c) Cable yarn

 

        (3) Spinning system

                           (a) Ring yarn

   (b) Rotor yarn

          (c) Air jet yarn

          (d) Worsted yarn

   (e) Woolen  yarn

                

         (4) Types of fiber blend e.g 

                         (a)CVC

                         (b)PC

  

(5) Process sequence used e.g 

(a) Carded yarn 

(b) Combed yarn

 Spun yarn 

A yarn consisting of fiber of regular or irregular staple length usually bound

 together by twist.

Filament yarn 

A yarn of an indefinite or extreme length such as found naturally in

 silk. Manufactured fibers are extruded into filaments that are 

converted into filament yarn, staple or tow.

 Single yarn

 All yarns are single ply unless twisted with another yarn

 

 Ply or Double yarn

                 All yarns are single ply unless twisted with another yarn. Terms used are: 2 ply if two yarns are twisted together & 3 ply if three are twisted. Piled yarns are used to make yarns stronger. In the jeans wear industry it has become important to ply yarns in piece dyed fabrics that are intended to endure a long stone wash cycle.

 Cable yarn

A cable yarn is made up of two or more smaller piled yarns twisted together. The easiest cable yarn is a 4-ply

 

Carded yarn

•       Carded yarns are produced including short fibers
•       Comparatively less regular yarn
•       Comparatively lower strength of yarn
•       Less lustrous
•       Less costly
•       Contain neps
•       More hairy
•       Lower quality of yarn

Combed yarn

•       Combed yarns are produced excluding short fibers
•       More regular yarn
•       Comparatively higher breaking strength.
•       More lustrous
•       More costly
•       No neps
•       Less hairy
•       Higher quality of yarn

 

What is Manufacturing?

§Manufacturing is the application of tools, machines, labor and a processing medium to the transformation of raw materials into finished goods for use or sale.

§This effort includes all intermediate processes required for the production and integration of a product’s components. Some industries, like steel manufacturers use the term fabrication instead.

§The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale.